Comparison of new fluorescent proteins
| color | name | excitation | emission | extinction coefficient | quantum yield | brightness (EC*QY/1000) | pKa | oligomerization | photostability (t 1/2 for bleach, sec) | maturation Kfold(10^-2/s), Kox(10^-4/s) | data from |
| blue | mKalama1 | 385 | 456 | 36,000 | 0.45 | 16 | 5.5 | monomer | 2.5 | Ai HW et al. 2007 | |
| blue | TagBFP | 402 | 457 | 52,000 | 0.63 | 33 | 2.7 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| blue | mBlueberry2 | 402 | 467 | 51,000 | 0.48 | 25 | 2.5 below | monomer | 0.02 or below | Ai HW et al. 2007 | |
| blue | SBFP2 | 380 | 446 | 34,000 | 0.47 | 16 | 5.5 | weak dimer | 2.1x resistant vs EBFP | Kfold=2.56, Kox=1.7×10 | Kremers GJ et al. 2007 |
| blue | Azurite | 384 | 450 | 22,000 | 0.59 | 13 | 5.0 | weak dimer | 19 | Mena MA et al. 2006 | |
| blue | EBFP | 377 | 446 | 30,000 | 0.15 | 4.5 | 6.3 | weak dimer | 0.1 | ref | |
| blue | EBFP2 | 383 | 448 | 32,000 | 0.56 | 18 | 5.3 | weak dimer | 55 | Ai HW et al. 2007 | |
| cyan | mTurquoise | 434 | 474 | 30,000 | 0.84 | 25.2 | 4.5 | monomer | Goedhart J. et a., 2010 | ||
| cyan | mTFP1 | 462 | 492 | 64,000 | 0.85 | 54 | 4.3 | monomer | 163 (10%ND), 110 (no ND) | Ai HW et al. 2006 | |
| cyan | TagCFP | 458 | 480 | 37,000 | 0.57 | 21 | 4.7 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| cyan | ECFP | 433 | 475 | 32,500 | 0.40 | 13 | 4.7 | weak dimer | 64 | ||
| cyan | Cerulean | 433 | 475 | 43,000 | 0.62 | 27 | 4.7 | weak dimer | 36 | Rizzo MA et al. 2004 | |
| green | TurboGFP | 482 | 502 | 70,000 | 0.53 | 37 | 5.2 | dimer | Evrogen | ||
| green | TagGFP2 | 483 | 506 | 56,500 | 0.6 | 34 | 5.0 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| green | TagGFP | 482 | 505 | 58,200 | 0.59 | 34 | 4.7 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| green | mAG1 | 492 | 505 | 41,800 | 0.81 | 34 | monomer | Karasawa S et al. 2003 | |||
| green | T-Sapphire | 399 | 511 | 44,000 | 0.60 | 26 | 4.9 | weak dimer | 25 | Zapata-Hommer O et al. 2003 | |
| green | EGFP | 488 | 507 | 56,000 | 0.60 | 34 | 6.0 | weak dimer | 174 | ||
| green | Emerald | 487 | 509 | 57,500 | 0.68 | 37 | 6.0 | weak dimer | 0.69 | ||
| infrared | IFP1.4 | 684 | 708 | 92,000 | 0.070 | 6.4 | monomer | 8.4 | Shu X. et al., 2009 | ||
| orange | mOrange2 | 549 | 565 | 58,000 | 0.60 | 35 | 6.5 | monomer | 228 | 4.5 hr (t1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2008 |
| orange | mKO1 | 548 | 559 | 51,600 | 0.60 | 31 | 5.0 | monomer | 122 | 4.5 hr (t 1/2) | Karasawa S et al. 2004 |
| orange | mOrange | 548 | 562 | 71,000 | 0.69 | 49 | 6.5 | monomer | 9.0 | 2.5 hr (t 1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2004 |
| orange | mKO2 | 551 | 565 | 63,800 | 0.62 | 40 | 5.5 | monomer | Sakaue-Sawano A et al. 2008 | ||
| photoactivation | PAmCherry1 | 404/564 | ND/595 | 6,500/18,000 | ND/0.46 | ND/7.8 | ND/6.3 | monomer | 18 | 23 (t 1/2) | Subach FV et al.2009 |
| photoactivation | PA-GFP | 504 | 517 | 17,400 | 0.79 | 14 | weak dimer | Patterson GH et al. 2002 | |||
| photoconversion | Dendra2 | 490 / 553 | 507 / 573 | 45,000 / 35,000 | 0.50 / 0.55 | 23 / 19 | 6.6 / 6.9 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| photoconversion | PS-CFP2 | 400 / 490 | 468 / 511 | 43,000 / 47,000 | 0.20 / 0.23 | 9 / 11 | 4.3 / 6.1 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| photoconversion | mEOS2 | 506 / 573 | 519 / 584 | 56,000 / 46,000 | 0.84 / 0.66 | 47 / 30 | 5.6 / 6.6 | monomer | 42 / 323 | McKinney SA et al. 2009 | |
| red | Neptune | 600 | 650 | 72,000 | 0.18 | 13 | 5.8 | dimer | Lin MZ et al., 2009 | ||
| red | TurboFP602 | 574 | 602 | 74,400 | 0.35 | 26 | 4.7 | dimer | Evrogen | ||
| red | TurboRFP | 553 | 574 | 92,000 | 0.67 | 62 | 4.4 | dimer | Merzlyak EM et al., 2007 | ||
| red | mStrawberry | 574 | 596 | 90,000 | 0.29 | 26 | 4.5 below | monomer | 15 | 50 min (t1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2004 |
| red | TagRFP-T | 555 | 584 | 81,000 | 0.41 | 33 | 4.6 | monomer | 337 | 100 min (t1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2008 |
| red | TagRFP | 555 | 584 | 100,000 | 0.48 | 48 | 3.0 | monomer | 37 | 100 min (t 1/2) | Shcherbo D et al. 2007 |
| red | mApple | 568 | 592 | 75,000 | 0.49 | 37 | 6.5 | monomer | 4.8 | 30 min (t1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2008 |
| red | mKate2 | 588 | 633 | 62,500 | 0.40 | 25 | 5.4 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| red | TagFP635 | 588 | 635 | 45,000 | 0.33 | 15 | 6.0 | monomer | Shcherbo D et al. 2007 | ||
| red | mNeptune | 600 | 650 | 67,000 | 0.20 | 13.4 | 5.4 | monomer | Lin MZ et al., 2009 | ||
| red | mRFP1 | 584 | 607 | 50,000 | 0.25 | 13 | .5 | monomer | 8.7 | 1 hr or less (t1/2) | Campbell RE et al. 2002 |
| red | mCherry | 587 | 610 | 72,000 | 0.22 | 16 | 4.5 below | monomer | 96 | 15 min (t 1/2) | Shaner NC et al. 2004 |
| red | DsRed | 558 | 583 | 75,000 | 0.79 | 59 | 4.7 | tetramer | ~10 hr (t1/2) | ||
| timer | Fast-FT | 403 / 583 | 466 / 606 | 49,700 / 75,300 | 0.30 / 0.09 | 15 / 6.8 | 2.8 / 4.1 | monomer | 0.25 hr (blue, t max), 7.1 hr (red, t1/2) @37 degree | Subach FV et al. 2009 | |
| timer | mK-GO | 500/548 | 509/561 | 6.0/4.8 | monomer | 6 hr (t0.5) | Tsuboi T et al., 2009 | ||||
| timer | Slow-FT | 402 / 583 | 465 / 604 | 33,400 / 84,200 | 0.35 / 0.05 | 12 / 4.2 | 2.6 / 4.6 | monomer | 9.8 hr (blue, t max), 28 hr (red, t1/2) @37 degree | Subach FV et al. 2009 | |
| timer | Medium-FT | 401 / 579 | 464 / 600 | 44,800 / 73,100 | 0.41 / 0.08 | 18 / 5.8 | 2.7 / 4.7 | monomer | 1.2 hr (blue, t max), 3.9 hr (red, t1/2) @37 degree | Subach FV et al. 2009 | |
| ultramarine | Sirius | 355 | 424 | 15,000 | 0.24 | 3.6 | 3.0 below | monomer | 62 (t1/e) | 5.6 (Kox) | Tomosugi W et al. 2009 |
| yellow | TurboYFP | 525 | 538 | 105,000 | 0.53 | 56 | 5.9 | dimer | Evrogen | ||
| yellow | TagYFP | 508 | 524 | 64,000 | 0.62 | 40 | 5.5 | monomer | Evrogen | ||
| yellow | mAmetrine | 406 | 526 | 45,000 | 0.58 | 26 | 6.0 | monomer | 2.8 | Ai HW et al., 2008 | |
| yellow | Venus | 515 | 528 | 92,200 | 0.57 | 53 | 6.0 | weak dimer | 15 | Kfold=5.62, Kox=80.4 | Nagai T et al. 2002 |
| yellow | EYFP | 515 | 528 | 80,400 | 0.61 | 49 | 6.9 | weak dimer | 60 | Kfold=0.39, Kox=2.53 | |
| yellow | Citrine | 516 | 529 | 77,000 | 0.76 | 59 | 5.7 | weak dimer | 49 | Griesbeck O et al. 2001 |
